What is PP nonwoven fabric? General introduction of non-woven fabrics

Nonwoven is a term used in the textile manufacturing industry to denote fabrics created by neither weaving nor  knitting . Nonwovens are like fabrics made from short fibers (short and long fibers (continuous length), bonded together by chemical, mechanical, thermal or solvent treatment.

Nonwoven fabric  is defined by production technology as sheet or network structures linked together by yarn or silk thread mechanically by  needle punched nonwoven , extruded blown molten plastic ( PP spunbond – meltblown nonwoven)  or chemical.

They are flat or tufted foam sheets made directly from separate fibers, molten plastic or plastic film. They are not created by weaving or knitting and do not require converting the yarn to fabric.

Usually, a certain proportion of recycled fabrics and oil-based materials are used in nonwovens.

The percentage of recycled fabric varies based on the strength of the material required for a particular use. In addition, some nonwovens can be recycled after use, treated appropriately and comfortably. For this reason, some consider nonwovens to be a more ecological fabric for certain applications, especially in sectors and industries where disposable or disposable products are important  . , such as hospitals, schools, nursing homes and luxury accommodations.

Nonwovens  are fabrics designed to be used once, have a limited lifespan, or be very durable. Nonwoven fabrics provide specific functions such as absorbency, liquid repellency, elasticity, stretch, softness, durability, fire resistance, washability, cushioning, heat insulation, sound insulation, filter, used as a bacterial barrier and sterile.

These properties are often combined to create fabrics suitable for specific jobs, while striking a good balance between product life and cost.

They can mimic the look, texture and strength of textiles and can be as bulky as the thickest pads. Combined with other materials, creates a spectrum of products with diverse properties, and used alone or as an ingredient in apparel, home furniture, healthcare, engineering, industrial and consumer goods.

Non-woven fabrics can be divided into 8 categories according to different production processes

1.Spunlace non-woven fabric

It is a product resulting from the direct application of polymer resins, short fibers or filaments forming a network of fibers by gas or mechanical action, spinning, needle-punching or hot-rolling, and stitching. the final finished product is spunlace nonwoven fabric. 

2.Heat-bonded non-woven fabric 

This type of non-woven fabric is mainly produced by several processes: adding fibrous filler material or adhering to the fiber network, and then reinforcing the network into the fabric through heating and cooling. 

3.Pulp airlaid nonwoven fabric 

Pulp airlaid non-woven fabric is also known as dust-free paper, dry non-woven fabric. It uses air-laid technology to open the wood fiber board into a single fiber state, and then uses the air flow method to agglomerate the fibers on the mesh screen and the reinforced fiber mesh to form the fabric. 

4.Wet non-woven fabric 

Wet non-woven fabrics are produced by the following process: cotton fibers are spread evenly and stacked in layers, then pressed tightly through each station under high water pressure. 

5.Tattooed nonwovens 

Wet non-woven fabric is produced by the following process: cotton yarn is spread evenly and stacked in layers, then hot-rolled, and finally pressed by continuous needle tattooing through each station to create fabric. Non-woven to the desired thickness.

6.Stitch non-woven fabric 

Stitched nonwovens are another type of dry nonwovens. The manufacturing process uses a warp knitted loop structure to reinforce the yarn net, the yarn layer, the nonwoven material (such as plastic sheet, plastic foil, etc.) or a combination thereof to form the nonwoven fabric. 

7.Spunbond non-woven fabric 

Spunbond nonwoven fabric is produced by extruding molten PP filament through a flat mold containing thousands of tiny defects to form long thin fibers, then cooled by blowing cold air in, and stretched when stretched. they fall from the flat die onto the conveyor belt, each strand of silk is then processed into a nonwoven fabric by means of adhesion, thermal and mechanical bonding.

8. Meltblown Nonwovens 

Melblown nonwoven fabric is produced by extruding molten PP filament through a flat die containing thousands of tiny holes to form long thin fibers which are then stretched and cooled by passing hot air as they falling from the flat die onto the conveyor belt, each strand of silk is then processed into a nonwoven fabric by means of adhesion, thermal and mechanical bonding. Usually this nonwoven fabric is added to spunbond yarn to form SMS, SMMS or SSMMS fabric.

1. Definition:

PP nonwoven fabric, also known as SPP or SMS, SMMS, SSMMS nonwoven fabric is made from oriented or random fibers, produced by spunbond-meltblown nonwoven technology.  This is a new generation of environmentally friendly materials. It is moisture-resistant, breathable, flexible, lightweight, non-flammable, biodegradable, non-toxic and non-irritating, and available in a variety of colors and prices. Low cost recyclable. Polypropylene granules (pp material) are used as the main raw material, which is produced by high-temperature melting, spinning, hot-rolling and high-speed production. It is called fabric because it has the outer appearance and some properties of the fabric. Depending on the purpose of use, PP nonwoven fabric has many different types of structure such as S, SS, SMS, SMMS, SSMMS

In nonwovens, the symbols  S, SS, SMS, SMMS  mean:
S:  spunbonded nonwoven = single layer nonwoven S
SS:   Spunbonded + Spunbonded = 2 layer nonwoven S
SMS : Spunbonded + Meltblown + Spunbonded = nonwoven fabric 01 layer M in the middle and 02 layers S outside
SMMS:  Spunbonded + Meltblown + Meltblown + Spunbonded = nonwoven fabric 02 layers M in the middle and 02 layers S on the outside 

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